Homo (Evolution)

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Bildinfo

• Ein möglicher Stammbaum der Entwicklung des Menschen über die letzten zwei Millionen Jahre
  

• phylogeny of the Homo genus, based on Stringer, C. (2012). "What makes a modern human". Nature 485 (7396): 33–35. doi:10.1038/485033a, with modifications.
  

• H. heidelbergensis is shown as the link between Neanderthals, Denosiovans and H. sapiens
  

• Division of Asian H. erectus into Java Man and Peking Man
  

• H. antecessor shown as a branch of H. erectus reaching Europe
  

• After H. sapiens emerge from Africa some 60 kya they spread across the globe and interbred with other descendants of H. -heidelbergensis, and Neanderthals, Denisovans
  

• Modifications based on other publications:
  

• H. floresiensis in Springer is incertae sedis, it is here shown as a branch of Asian H. erectus extinct some 50 kya; this seems to be the emerging consensus as of 2016; e.g. van den Bergh, G. D. et al. (2016-06-08). "Homo floresiensis-like fossils from the early Middle Pleistocene of Flores". Nature. 534 (7606): 245–248. doi:10.1038/nature17999.
  

• multiple admixture events to Sub-Saharan African populations:
  

• archaic admixture to hunter-gatherer groups (Biaka Pygmies and San), with a separation time of some 700kya: Hammer et al. (2011). "Genetic evidence for archaic admixture in Africa" (PDF). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 108 (37): 15123–15128. doi:10.1073/pnas.1109300108.
  

• archaic admixture to hunter-gatherer groups (Pygmies, Hadza and Sandawe) with a separation time of 1.2 Mya: Lachance, J. et al. (2012). "Evolutionary History and Adaptation from High-Coverage Whole-Genome Sequences of Diverse African Hunter-Gatherers". Cell. 150 (3): 457–469. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.07.009. PMC 3426505 Freely accessible. PMID 22840920.
  

• archaic admixture to West African agricultural populations (Mende and Yoruba): Xu, D. et al. (2017). "Archaic Hominin Introgression in Africa Contributes to Functional Salivary MUC7 Genetic Variation". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 34 (10): 2704–2715.
  

• H. erectus is shown as emerging from H. habilis some 1.8 Mya; H. habilis is shown as persisting in Africa alongside H. erectus until about 1.5 Mya.
  

• late survival of robust australopithecines (Paranthropus) until about 1.2 Mya is indicated in purple.
  

Source

• Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Homo_lineage_2017update.svg
  

• Created: December 19th, 2017
  

• Author: Conquistador, DBachmann
  

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Originalseite

• Das Bild ist Teil eines online-Lexikons.
  

• Rhetos Lernlexikon Mathematik, Aachen:
  

• Siehe unter => Homo (Evolution)
  

Related images

• => Homo sapiens
  

• => Homo sapiens sapiens
  

• => Neandertaler
  

• => Paranthropus
  

• => Australopithecus
  

• => Homo erectus
  

• => Urmensch